Vinyl Halide Vs Aryl Halide

Likewise phenyl cations are unstable thus making s n 1 reactions impossible.

Vinyl halide vs aryl halide.

For this reason alkenyl halides with the formula rch chx are sometimes called vinyl halides. Example c 2 h 3 x. From the perspective of applications the dominant member of this class of compounds is vinyl chloride which is produced on the scale of millions of. When halides are attached to the carbon which is is in double bond this is called vinyl halides.

An aryl halide has general formula c 6h 5x in which an halide group x has substituted the aryl ring. For example if the halogen atom is attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a benzene ring cl ch 2 c 6 h 5 one would think it is an aryl halide but it is an alkyl halide because the halogen atom is attached to the carbon that is sp 3 hybridized. Simple aryl halides like chlorobenzene are very resistant to nucleophilic substitution. Rapid s n 2 substitution for 1º and 2º halides.

For 3º halides a very slow s n 2 substitution or if the nucleophile is moderately basic e2 elimination. In addition the carbon halogen bond is. In high dielectric ionizing solvents such as water dimethyl sulfoxide acetonitrile s n 1 and e1 products may be observed. Rapid s n 2 substitution for 1º halides note there are no β.

However alkyl halides may sometimes be confused with aryl halides. It is possible to replace the chlorine by oh but only under very severe industrial conditions for example at 200 c and 200 atmospheres. Halogens are more electronegative than carbon. This lack of reactivity is due to several factors.

In the lab these reactions do not happen. A vinyl halide is clearly a species with a formula h 2c c x h in which a halide is directly bound to an olefinic bond formally this is ethylene h 2c ch 2 with one of the hydrogens substituted by a heteroatom vinyl chloride h 2c chcl is an example. When halides are attached to the benzene ring directly this is called aryl halide. In organic chemistry a vinyl halide is a compound with the formula ch 2 chx x halide the term vinyl is often used to describe any alkenyl group.

Aryl halides are relatively unreactive toward nucleophilic substitution reactions.